AMA Guides® Newsletter - Issue Archive

Articles

1. To Spinal Image or Not To Spinal Image, That is the Question

   Marjorie Eskay Auerbach

   Pages 1–3

   DOI: 10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2013.MayJun01

   Abstract

   Although back pain is the most common and expensive cause of work disability in the United States, our understanding of low back pain (LBP) is limited despite the advantages of advanced imaging technologies. Diagnostic studies often are requested for fear of missing serious or occult pathology or to reassure patients but have a low likelihood of identifying a specific cause for the reported symptoms in patients who present with nonspecific LBP. From a clinical perspective, the information provided in lumbar imaging, whether plain X rays or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has not been found either to influence treatment recommendations or improve outcomes. Further, routine advanced imaging is not associated with improved outcomes and identifies many radiographic findings that correlate poorly with symptoms; imaging is recommended when severe or progressive neurologic deficit is present or if serious underlying disease is suspected. Surgery rates are highest where imaging rates are highest, and a significant proportion of the variation in rates of spine surgery can be explained by differences in the rates of advanced spinal imaging. Because imaging has no role in the impairment rating of nonspecific LBP, an individual's having a work injury that requires an impairment rating is not a reason to order spinal imaging. To answer the question in this article's title, the answer usually is not to order a spinal image.
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2. Impairment Related to Diseases of the Aorta

   Stephen L. Demeter

   Pages 3–6

   DOI: 10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2013.MayJun02

   Abstract

   Aneurysms may result in ratable permanent impairment, and this article provides a basic understanding of aneurysms and how to rate them using the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Sixth Edition. An aneurysm is a bulge in a blood vessel, commonly in the arterial circulation and in the cerebral and renal vasculature or in the aorta. Because ruptured aneurysms frequently are lethal, generally they are treated prophylactically once they have reached a certain size. Endovascular repair is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and abdominal aortic aneurysm mortality. The AMA Guides, Fifth Edition, rated aneurysms solely on the risk of rupture (ie, a future impairment, one of the few exceptions to their general proscription in the AMA Guides), and the impairment percentages can be quite large. These impairments are rated using the rating systems for the affected organ system when the individual is at maximum medical improvement (MMI). In addition, the risk of future impairment should be assessed when the individual is at MMI, and that rating should be combined with the rating for organ system vascular compromise. The justification for rating the risk of future events should be clarified in the report, which should cite the method reported in the present article because the AMA Guides, Sixth Edition, does not provide a methodology for rating this disease process.
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3. Question and Answer: Rating Mood Disorders Attributed to a Physical Injury

   Christopher R. Brigham

   Pages 6–7

   DOI: 10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2013.MayJun03